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The 1994 Hong Kong electoral reform was a set of significant constitutional changes in the last years of the British colonial rule in Hong Kong before the handover of its sovereignty to the People's Republic of China in July 1997. The reform proposal was carried out by the last governor Chris Patten to largely broaden the electorate base of the last three-tiers elections in 1994 and 1995: * 18 September 1994 – the local councils (District Boards); * 9 March 1995 – the municipal councils (Urban Council and Regional Council); and * 17 September 1995 – the Legislative Council. The reform was ferociously opposed by the Chinese Communist Party government as the violation to the Sino-British agreement. As a result, the CCP government dismantled the 1995 elected legislature upon the expiry of British administration and replaced it with the Provisional Legislative Council. ==Background== The decision of transfer of the sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997 was finalised by the PRC and UK governments on 18 December 1984 in the Sino-British Joint Declaration. The Declaration stated that the PRC government would resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, and the New Territories) with effect from 1 July 1997 from the UK Government. Within these declarations the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be directly under the authority of the Central People’s Government of the PRC and shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy except for foreign and defense affairs. It shall be allowed to have executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication. The colonial government published the ''Green Paper: the Further Development of Representative Government in Hong Kong'' on 18 July 1984, decided to carry out democratic reform in Hong Kong. The first indirect Legislative Council election was held in 1985 and direct election was first introduced in the 1991 Legislative Council election, despite the demand of the Hong Kong pro-democracy camp on a fully direct election in 1988 was turned down by the colonial government. The Tiananmen Square crackdown on 4 June 1989 sparked a great fear towards China among the Hong Kong people. The British Government strengthened its resolve to quicken the pace of democratisation, in order to honour its obligation to the Hong Kong citizens and gracefully retreat from the colony. In 1992, British prime minister John Major decided that David Wilson should step down as governor of Hong Kong and removed Percy Cradock as foreign policy adviser; they had been criticized by Hong Kong pro-democrats of their appeasement policies towards Beijing. To some observers, these personnel changes signaled that the British government was unhappy with its two most important ministers on Hong Kong and how Sino-British affairs were proceeding. Chris Patten, the recent-defeated Conservative Party chairman was appointed as the 28th governor of Hong Kong and the first politician appointed to the post. The arrival of Chris Patten on 9 July 1992 marked a new phrase of the democratic transition. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1994 Hong Kong electoral reform」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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